The walls of Lucca (Le mura di Lucca or Giro delle Mura in Italian) is the largest example in Europe of walls built according to the principles of modern fortification to have survived intact in a big city.

The current walls, four kilometers and 195 meters long, is the result of the last reconstruction campaign, which began May 7, 1504 and ended barely a century and a half later, in 1648. Never used for defensive purposes , modern structure is considered a strong sign of cultural identity and as a container for the historical memory of the territory.