The Fortress of Vairano Patenora resists there from the late ninth century. His name entered history at the beginning of the following century, at the time of the Norman King William II and Henry VI of Swabia, who attributed it to the abbot of Monte Cassino , Roffredo dell’Isola , May 20, 1191. Dissatisfied with the decision, the Vairano citizens decided to oppose and resist the siege of their city. They defeated the allied troops of the abbot Roffredo and Henry VI. In the following years, the fortress of Vairano Patenora has hosted famous historic people: Swabian emperors Frederick II and Charles II of Anjou and Pope Gregory X, among others.